Tuesday, August 19, 2008

Legos in Space


If you are reading this blog, you have probably already heard of Lego.  They are little colored bricks made out of ABS plastic which snap together and can be used for building all sorts of things, from houses to robots to electric trains.  ABS plastic is also used in hard hats and some pipes.  It is extremely strong, but is non-toxic, which is why it was chosen to make Legos.  Recently, on the Science Channel, Legos were featured on a show (I can't quite remember which one), probably because in 2008, Lego celebrates its 50th anniversary.   The show mentioned that there are 62 Legos for each person on Earth, or about 400 billion in total, and that if everyone joined theirs, ten towers could be made, reaching from the Earth to the Moon.  This was where I started thinking.  Many people have said that a space elevator may be built someday out of carbon nanotubes, and will make entering space much easier, as the elevator shaft would be much slower than a space shuttle, which would mean that explorers would not have to face pain from huge G-forces.  Unfortunately, such an invention would probably never be engineered, due to extreme expense and difficulty building it.  However, as far-fetched as this sounds, it would probably be much, much easier to build such a tower out of Lego-like blocks.  A space elevator built in the way usually described would be very difficult, as it would be hard to build the extremely huge nanotube belts.  The belts could only be made of a few joined pieces, which would have to be joined at the cargo platforms, but could not be made out of many small sections, as they might break apart due to the properties of carbon nanotubes.  Using Lego-shaped blocks would eliminate this hurdle, and make building a space elevator significantly easier.  Of course, the material that these bricks would be composed of would have to be very strong.  Also, the spaces between bricks would have to be vacuum-sealed and the outside covered with panels.  However, it would be much easier, and probably cheaper, than building huge nanotube belts.
On a much smaller scale, I thought, bricks could be designed like Legos to make building much easier, while still allowing buildings to be beautiful and strong.  For example, let use take the example of the office or workspace.  For most people, these words are euphemisms for the dreaded cubicle.  By using prefabricated bricks, users could move their blocks around to customize their cubicles and allow them to build convenient nooks for things.  Since variety is the herb (rather than the spice) of live, users could move their bricks around in different ways to prevent them from getting bored of their arrangements.  Also, if bricks had screens in them, users could make new wallpaper, put virtual Post-It™ notes on their walls, and even make their walls become a huge computer screen.  Lego-shaped bricks could be used to build many things, from wind tunnels to skyscrapers.  If courts ruled that the Lego company were to be paid royalties on these Lego-shaped bricks, stockholders of Lego would be giddy with glee, as Lego would make at least $100 billion every year if not more, were this idea to be adopted.  But that would be acceptable under most circumstances, don't you think?




The image was by a US Department of Transportation employee, and like all federal works, is within the public domain.  It was uploaded by the Wikimedia Commons user Howcheng.  And I, unlike many other bloggers, don't violate copyright laws.  Even if the image doesn't specifically say it is copyrighted, it still is by default.  Its copyright isn't always registered, but it's still copyrighted.  Get your facts straight people.

Thursday, June 5, 2008

Google Sky

By the way, readers, I am deeply sorry I haven't posted in so long.  I have been busy with other activities and am glad that I can return.


Anyone who has looked at a picture of the Hubble Space Telescope Deep Field knows the wonder and beauty of the universe.  Of course, the universe is littered with rubble and wanton gases, but pictures of the vast, colorful galaxies and stars show that these do not make the universe ugly.  Sadly, most people don't have access to very many star charts and photographs.  That has changed with the creation of Google Sky.  Google Sky is a Google feature which can show views of the Solar System, the Hubble Deep Field, and several other space features.  Like Google Maps, it allows users to zoom in and out, and move around in space.  And no, there aren't UFOs.  I tried looking and there weren't any.  For those who love constellations, there is a special camera for these, though it doesn't have that many.  There are also features like Google Moon and Google Mars, which, as their names would imply, show maps of Mars and the Moon.  For all of you who are competing in Google's X Prize to send a rover to the moon (and I know there are many of you), using Google Moon is almost mandatory, to plan where your rover will move.  The sad truth is that the winner of the first place $30,000,000 prize will probably have to spend over $100 million to actually get there.  Another sad truth is that most Google users probably have know idea Google Sky even exists.  To explore space in Google Sky requires exploring the hidden side of Google first.

Thursday, May 29, 2008

I will not be writing for a while

Due to the fact that I have broken my thumb and cannot type well, I will probably not be writing for a while.  I am sorry about this.  Please keep checking though, I hope to start soon!

Thursday, May 15, 2008

The Monowheel




Most have heard of the unicycle, a vehicle where the rider is seated above a single wheel.  However, few have heard of such a creation as a monowheel.  In a monowheel, the wheel is much larger, allowing the user to sit on a special seat inside the wheel.  Confused?  The pictures should help you out.  The first was believed to have been built in 1869 by a craftsman named Rousseau from Marseilles.  (There were many strange machines in the late 1800's in France.)  The monowheel was built to be easy to navigate on bumpy roads (compared, that is, to the pennyfarthing bicycle with a large front wheel and a very small back one), but had a few unfortunate disadvantages.  The monowheel could not easily be steered (one had to lean from side to side), was unstable, and, when braked, often led to an effect sometimes known as gerbilling, where the monowheel would roll and spin the poor rider in circles.  Improvements have since then been made to the monowheel's design.  Monowheels have been made with better brakes, motors, steering capabilities, systems that prevent gerbilling, and even gyroscopes to prevent the monowheel from falling over.  There aren't any manufacturers of such inventions, but you can order them from builders or try to build one yourself.  Steering has been managed by using tilting gyroscopes, propellers, vertical wings (not for low-speed models), and outboard skids which produce friction against the ground.  As whimsical as these machines are, some people actually ride them at events.  In the 2005 Doodah Parade (what a strange name!) of Columbus, Ohio, Keith Dufrane rode an electric monowheel on the streets.  (See the picture here.)  It had a system to allow steering and prevent gerbilling for his safety.  The monowheel usually uses a rubber-covered steel bar with four prongs as both a brake and an anti-gerbilling mechanisim.  Though one could question the monowheel's practicality, it is an interesting, imaginative invention.

Saturday, May 3, 2008

wikiHow University

If you have ever wanted to improve your writing by taking a formal writing class and participating in a workshop, but not had enough capital for such ventures, wikiHow University is for you.  Some have most likely heard of wikiHow, the free, editable how-to guide in many languages.  It has over 10.4 million readers who visit the site more than 13.6 million times per month, and has (at the time of this writing) 36,361 articles, from How to Get Into an Ivy League School to How to Make Salmon Sushi With Mango Meat.  Considering it was started so recently (it was launched Febuary 15, 2005), it has shown rapid growth.  Unlike Wikipedia, another wiki-project, wikiHow is for-profit and shows Google Adsense ads to users who are not logged in.  Since wikiHow has become more and more profitable, it has started to pay for more services for its users, such as free flights to certain meetings.  Thus, wikiHow has started to offer a free 6-week writing class taught by the Gotham Writer's Workshop of New York.  Tuition is completely covered by wikiHow, and the class is held fully online.  The class of 16 students will be instructed by an experienced writer, and the class will contain lessons, discussions, and writing assignments wherein students and the teacher give feedback and share ideas.  Material is available online 24 hours a day for a whole week per lesson, so it matters not whether you are in Mongolia or Tierra del Fuego.  It is mainly geared towards writing how-to guides, but will cause improvement in general writing quality as well.  It is also accredited via the International Association of Continuing Education and Training, and graduates receive 1.8 CEU's and a Certificate of Completion.  Unfortunately, high demand for classes results in the fact that most cannot go.  In the event that many sign up, the most active editors are selected.  However, if the first class works out well (and most likely it will), they will continue with more sessions and perhaps different classes.  So if you sign up for an account at wikiHow and become a regular editor, soon you will get to take the class.  Editing wikiHow isn't hard and can even be rather enjoyable if you like writing.  It's rare that such educational opportunities are offered for free, for anyone.  If there were more programs like this, society would be improved as people are liberated by education.

Note:  This author is a wikiHow editor himself, with the username Beowulf195.  At the time of this post, he has written two articles: How to Open Up an iPod, and How to Avoid Being an Internet Troll.

Saturday, April 12, 2008

The Tunnels of the Colosseum


Anyone who knows even a bit about Roman history would almost certainly know of the Colosseum, the great arena in Rome.  Made from marble and granite, the Colosseum would hold thousands of people, whether they were watching a comedy, or whether they watched fearsome gladiators fight each other to the death.  After violent episodes of men brutally slaying each other, the Colosseum would reek of blood and gore, but this wouldn't diminish the wonder of such a building.  It was 48.5 meters (158 feet) tall and its ellipse-like shaped measured 188 by 156 meters (615 by 510 feet).  The Colosseum contained columns in Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian styles.  Its floor was made of oaken planks covered with waterproof cloth (for mock sea battles) and sand.  However, literally under this floor were the obscure tunnels of the Colosseum.  These were made from concrete and stone, and were amazing examples of unseen architecture.  Anonymous these tunnels were; they were meant to be functional, not glorious.  The Colosseum's passages were built to provide the performers better access to the arena.  Trapdoors and hand-powered elevators were used to create a dramatic effect wherein the performers would rise from the floor, seemingly forming from the sand.  The performers waited in small rooms until it was almost time to perform.  They would then walk along the many passages before making a grand entrance onstage.  Entrances of boats into the Colosseum were more complex.  A system of locks and gates rose the boats up into rooms hidden beneath the area where the visitors sat, and boats were sailed through gates into the vast artificial lake.  Inside the dark passages, curious graffiti in both Greek and Latin was found on the walls, as well as murals done by the inhabitants.  In fact, an old passageway out of use led to a room outside the Colosseum which may have been a hideout for criminals, who were abundant on the streets of Rome.  The tunnels in modern cities also lurk underground, the shy cousins of bridges and bypasses, but many of these tunnels, such as subways, are quite populous.  In the case of the British Thames tunnel (which is still part of the London Underground after over a hundred years), the Parliament had restrained from building a second bridge instead because a bridge would be too much of an inconvenience for river traffic.  Perhaps in The Hitchhiker's Guide To The Galaxy, by Douglas Adams, the aliens should have built a tunnel instead of demolishing Earth to build a bypass... then again, maybe not.

Sources:

Monday, April 7, 2008

The Angel Oak


The so-called "Angel Oak" is the oldest living oak tree on the North American continent, and is likely to be the world's oldest oak.  (This is disputable; some trees have been carbon-14 dated whereas some haven't been.)  It is of the Live Oak species (Quercus Viginiana). The Angel Oak is approximately 1,500 years old and is located in the Angel Oak Park in Charleston, South Carolina, on John's Island.  The tree is about 20 meters (65 feet) high and its canopy covers about 1,580 square meters (17,000 square feet).  The Angel Oak is supposedly named after resemblance to angels, but is actually named after Martha and Justin Angel, former owners of it.  In the picture above, there is a person standing next to it who is 160 cm (63 inches) tall, to give you an idea of how large it is.  Thus it is relatively short compared to its vast canopy.  As evident from the picture above, the tree is wondrously beautiful, and very unique.  Few oaks grow outwards; most just grow taller, but the Angel Oak has grown in both directions and become so huge that it almost looks like a tree from fantasy and myths, such as Yggdrassil, the Norse World Tree.  It would even seem as though one could climb over on the branches from Middle Earth to Elfland, and back, except that of course there is no Elfland and that climbing the tree isn't allowed.  Not all of the branches are in the air, however; many touch the ground and even go underground a bit.  One may wonder what kind of acorns this tree would drop.  The acorns are reported to be of regular size, and are known to produce genuine direct-offspring trees.  Smaller versions of the Angel Oak have been grown from these acorns.  In spring and summer, many festivals and events occur under the tree, with music, dancing, and other festivities.  The Angel Oak is a powerful sight, and a beautiful tree.  Just as with moonbows, one should make an effort to see the Angel Oak.
Sources:
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Thanks to J. Allen Brack for the picture (which is licensed under the public domain).